Biology and Geology 7°: BLOG ENTRY 6: BIOLOGY AND GEOLOGY PROJECT

BLOG ENTRY 6: BIOLOGY AND GEOLOGY PROJECT

group:

-Angelo Peccorini

-Paola Portan

-Andre Rivas

-Sebastian Lievano

-Daniela Portillo

Cells

Are too small to be seen with the naked eye: they measure from 0,001 mm to 0,1 mm in size. This is why we call them microscope

All living organisms on Earth are divided into cells. The main concept of cell theory is that cells are basic structural unit of all organisms.

The basic structure of a cell:

All cells have three basic structures:

Plasmatic membrane:

Is like a very thin ball that surrounds the cells and is responsible for controlling what gets into and out of the cell.

Cytoplasm:

In prokaryotic cell is a jelly-like, yet fluid, substance in which all of other cellular components are suspended.

Genetic material:

All prokaryotic cells contain large quantities of genetic materials in the form of DNA and RNA. DNA contains the most of the genes needed for cells growth, survival, and reproduction.

Types of cells:

ü Prokaryotic cells

ü Eukaryotic cells:

ü Plant cells

ü Animal cells

Prokaryotic cells:

The great majority of cells on Earth are actually prokaryotic, so we are the minority. Prokaryotic is monera kingdom. Are those that do not have a membrane-bound nucleus.

Parts of a prokaryotic:

Flagellum: Helps to move.

Cell wall: surrounds the membrane.

Ribosomes: builds proteins by translating messages from DNA.

Fimbriae: allow bacteria to adhere to target host cell, so play a major role in bacterial virulence.

Eukaryotic cells

The DNA of eukaryotic cells is found inside an organelle called the nucleus. These cells contain a great variety of different organelles in their cytoplasm. Each of each organelles performs a specific function critical to cells survival.

Are two types of eukaryotic cells:

ü Plant cells

ü Animal cells

Plant cells:

Plant cells are eukaryotic cells that differ in several key aspects from the cells of other eukaryotic organisms. It has distinctive features include.

Animal cells:

DNA in animal cells is housed within the nucleus. In addition to having a nucleus, animal cells also contain other membrane-bound organelles, or tiny cellular structures.

Animal cells and plant cells organelles:

I. Cell wall (only plant cell)

II. Plasmatic membrane

III. Nucleus

IV. Ribosomes

V. Lysosome

VI. Mitochondria

VII. Centriole (only animal cell)

VIII. Chloroplast

IX. Vacuole

Material to the model:

Materials to construct a model of a Prokaryotic cell